发光细菌法在环渤海污水样品遗传毒性检测中的应用     

崔志松  栾晓  高伟  李倩  杨官品  郑立 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(1):228-232

建立了以经过遗传改造的发光细菌Acinetobacter sp.Rec A为受试物种的环境污染物遗传毒性快速检测方法,该方法最快可在3h内得到毒性评价结果。采用该方法评价了环渤海排污口12份污水样品的遗传毒性。环渤海12个排污口的污水样品均表现出了不同水平的遗传毒性,并呈现出一定的分布特征。其中,高毒水质集中出现在山东半岛污水样品中,中毒水质集中出现在辽东半岛地区,而低毒水质主要集中于京津冀地区。综上,在环渤海的污水样品遗传毒性检测中,这种新型发光细菌法具有快速、灵敏、简便等优点,可为以后近海环境的水质生物毒性检测提供参考依据,具有应用于近海环境水质快速监测与评价的潜力。  相似文献   

Approximate analytical and numerical solutions for radial non‐Darcian flow to a well in a leaky aquifer with wellbore storage and skin effect     

Zhang Wen  Quanrong Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(11):1453-1469

This study investigated non‐Darcian flow to a well in a leaky aquifer considering wellbore storage and a finite‐thickness skin. The non‐Darcian flow is described by the Izbash equation. We have used a linearization procedure associated with the Laplace transform to solve such a non‐Darcian flow model. Besides, the Stehfest method has been used to invert the Laplace domain solutions for the drawdowns. We further analyzed the drawdowns inside the well for different cases. The results indicated that a smaller B_D results in a smaller drawdown at late times and the leakage has little effect on the drawdown inside the well at early times, where B_D is a dimensionless parameter reflecting the leakage. We have also found that the flow for the negative skin case approaches the steady‐state earlier than that for the positive skin. In addition, the drawdown inside the well with a positive skin is larger than that without skin effect at late times, and a larger thickness of the skin results in a greater drawdown inside the well at late times for the positive skin case. A reverse result has been found for the negative skin case. Finally, we have developed a finite‐difference solution for such a non‐Darcian flow model and compared the numerical solution with the approximate analytical solution. It has been shown that the linearization procedure works very well for such a non‐Darcian flow model at late times, and it underestimates the drawdowns at early times. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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王海江  吴秀芸 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(6):144-147

???360???????????????????????????????????????????????·???????????в???????????????????????YCbCr???????????????????????????????????????????Ч??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Ч?????????????????÷????????360?????????е??????????????????????????????????????????????Ч?????????á?  相似文献   

不同堆载形式对群桩负摩阻力的影响     

马学宁  付江  王军  王旭 《岩土力学》2018,39(10):3531-3538

在既有桥墩桩基础周围土体堆载时,会引起土体的沉降和侧向变形,进而在桩身产生负摩阻力,对桩基变形及承载性能有很大影响。为研究围载和单侧边载作用下群桩中不同位置桩基的受力差异,以3×3群桩基础为研究对象,进行围载和单侧边载作用下的模型试验,分析了不同位置桩基轴力、侧摩阻力、中性点位置和基桩承载力安全系数等的变化规律及差异。研究结果表明：围载工况下,角桩的轴力、侧摩阻力最大,边桩次之,中心桩最小;中性点位置角桩最深,边桩略高,中心桩距桩顶最近。边载工况下,靠近边载侧和中间一排桩基轴力、侧摩阻力与围载时的变化规律类似,远离边载侧的一排桩基受边载影响较小,无负摩阻力;各桩基中性点位置变化规律类似于围载工况。与围载工况相比,边载时同一位置桩身轴力、负摩阻力均较小,中性点位置较高。与单侧边载工况相比,围载时各基桩承载力安全系数FS均较小且随荷载的增大衰减梯度较大。该研究成果为不同堆载形式下群桩基础的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

Calculation and analysis of negative skin of monopile applied for offshore wind turbine     

Lu Ma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(2):275-280

Monopiles are considered to be as a kind of viable foundation types for offshore wind turbines. The effect of negative skin friction on pile foundation is always an important problem. There are very important theoretical and practical significance to study the distribution law of negative skin friction and the calculation method. Based on the special stratum, the stress and strain of the monopile and soil are simplified, and the improved Kezdi’s double-broken-line model is adopted. The analytical solution of negative skin friction of monopile is deduced according to the degree of skin friction. An engineering case was analyzed by the method, and the calculated results agree well with the measured data. The calculation method proposed can accurately describe the range of the monopile skin frictional distribution and the position of the neutral point, and it is simple and convenient to calculate, that is also a feasible method for calculating the negative skin friction of monopile of offshore wind turbines in practical engineering.  相似文献   

接地导线源电磁场全域有效趋肤深度   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈卫营  薛国强 《地球物理学报》2014,57(7):2314-2320

为了更好地推进广域电磁法的发展和应用,本文以接地长导线源为例,研究了可控源电磁场全场域的有效趋肤深度.利用频域电偶极源在均匀半空间产生电磁场的闭合表达式,计算了不同电磁场分量定义的有效趋肤深度,并讨论了在不同频率、不同偏移距、不同电导率情况下,有效趋肤深度的变化特性.根据有效趋肤深度随偏移距的变化特征以及与平面波趋肤深度之间的关系,利用多项式拟合的办法在五个不同频率范围内给出了适用于全场域的有效趋肤深度快速估算公式.研究结果表明：不同分量定义的有效趋肤深度是不同的,但是它们随偏移距、频率、电导率等参数的变化趋势是类似的,而且在一定范围内都趋近于平面波趋肤深度.理论模型的研究表明,有效趋肤深度可以作为测量参数选取和数据解释工作的参考依据.  相似文献   

地基土沉降对复合地基影响的三维数值模拟     

夏力农  苗云东  廖常斌 《岩土力学》2012,33(4):1217-1222

通过对复合地基在正常使用条件下和地基土沉降后的三维数值模拟,研究了复合地基由地下水位下降引起的地基土沉陷后的沉降、桩体摩阻力分布和桩身轴力分布的变化。分析表明：随着地基土沉降的增加,加固桩体和基础的沉降加大,中性点位置逐渐下降,桩身轴力有所增大;在加强桩中,中心桩的中性点最低,边桩次之,角桩最高;随着地基土沉降的增加,各桩中性点位置差异逐渐减小,桩体上部负摩阻力作用的桩身长度更长,负摩阻力值逐渐增大。  相似文献   

桩基内力长期监测中的蠕变影响分析     

刘争宏  郑建国 《岩土力学》2013,34(5):1391-1396

以黄土地区桩基浸水试验为代表的桩身内力长期监测过程中,桩身混凝土除发生弹性应变外还会发生蠕变,以往工作中往往忽略了混凝土在轴力长期作用下蠕变对测试结果的影响,但蠕变真实存在,它对内力测试结果的影响程度以及如何消除其影响值得研究。根据现场实测试验资料对比分析表明,长时间的桩基内力测试应考虑桩身蠕变的影响;基于混凝土蠕变的相关理论,推导了从实测应变中扣除桩身蠕变的公式;从消除蠕变影响角度分析了黄土桩基浸水试验中应采取的措施,其关键技术是控制试验桩的混凝土强度等级,在桩顶附近设置标定段,并保持标定段混凝土的温度和湿度恒定,且与下部桩体一致,获得具有代表性的蠕变度函数曲线。  相似文献   

现浇X形桩桩承式加筋路堤三维有限元分析     

陈力恺  孔纲强  刘汉龙  金辉 《岩土力学》2013,34(Z2):428-432

桩承式加筋路堤在高速公路软基处理中得到了广泛应用,但目前对其承载变形机制还缺乏深刻认识。结合南京长江第四大桥北接线段软基加固工程,基于数值方法对现浇X形桩桩承式加筋路堤中桩土沉降、桩土应力、桩身轴力及超静孔隙水压力的发展变化规律进行了分析。研究结果表明,受土拱效应影响,路堤填筑荷载主要由桩体承担,桩及桩间土土压力在路堤填筑过程中均逐渐增大,在软基固结过程中,桩顶土压力继续增大而桩间土土压力逐渐减小,最终趋于各自的稳定值;路堤填筑过程中桩身轴力增长较快,现浇X形桩桩身上部较大部分区段存在负摩阻力,桩身中性点位置经历了先逐渐上移、而后向下移动,最终趋于稳定的过程。  相似文献   

Antibacterial activity of extracts from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Zostera marina</Emphasis> against pathogens of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Apostichopus japonicus</Emphasis> skin ulceration disease     

Yang Liu  Guoliang Jiang  Zhiqiang Wu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(1):68-70

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of extracts from Zostera marina against the pathogens of Apostichopus japonicus skin ulceration disease. When 95% ethanol (v/v) solvent was used to extract Zostera marina at 50°C, aqueous extract (ZA) showed obvious bacteriostatic effects on the tested bacterial strains (inhibition halo diameters between 8.23 mm and 13.62 mm), whereas the ethyl acetate extract (ZE) was almost inactive. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZA against four pathogens were homogeneous at 12.8 g L⁻¹. ZA components were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) assay and six fractions were obtained. In another study, the six fractions showed inhibitory effects against the tested bacteria while their functions seemed to counteract the ZA activity.  相似文献